| Established in 1902, when the 
            United Kingdom's Imperial Tobacco Company and the 
            American Tobacco 
            Company of the USA agreed to form a joint venture, the 
            British-American Tobacco Company Ltd. The parent companies agreed 
            not to trade in each other's domestic territory and to assign 
            trademarks, export businesses and overseas subsidiaries to the joint 
            venture. James 'Buck' Duke became its chairman. The British American 
            Tobacco business thus began life in countries as diverse as Canada, 
            China, Germany, South Africa, New Zealand and Australia, but not in 
            the United Kingdom or USA. 
            In 1911 the American Tobacco 
            Company sold its share of the company. Imperial Tobacco gradually 
            reduced its shareholding, but it was not until 1980 that it divested 
            its remaining interests in the company. In 1976 the group companies 
            were reorgansied under a new holding company, B.A.T Industries. In 
            1994 BAT acquired its former parent, American Tobacco Company 
            (though reorganised after anti-trust proceedings). This brought the 
            Lucky Strike and Pall Mall brands into BAT's portfolio. In 1999 it acquired Rothmans 
            International, which included a share in a factory in Burma. This 
            made it the target of criticism from human rights groups. It sold 
            its share of the factory on November 6, 2003 after an "exceptional 
            request" from the British government. In 2003, BAT acquired Ente 
            Tabacchi Italiani (ETI) S.p.A, Italy's state tobacco company. The 
            important acquisition would elevate BAT to the number two position 
            in Italy, the second largest tobacco market in the European Union. 
            The scale of the enlarged operations would bring significant 
            opportunities to compete and grow ETI's local brands and BAT's 
            international brands. In January 2007, BAT closed 
            its remaining UK production plant in Southampton with the loss of 
            over 600 jobs. However, the global Research and Development 
            operation and some financial functions will continue on the site. British American Tobacco also 
            reached prominance in 2002 for the McCabe v. British American 
            Tobacco Australia court case, which received international attention 
            through its revelations of document destruction by British American 
            Tobacco. |